Sahih Al-Bukhari – Volume 3 – Book 30 – P.114
(48) CHAPTER. Al-Wisal! [i.e., to observe Saum (fast) continuously without eating or drinking anything by day or night, may be for a day or two or more]. And whoever says that there is no Saum (fast) at night according to the Statement of Allah, “Then complete your fast till the nightfall…..(V.2:187). And the Prophet, peace be upon him, forbade it (i.e., Al-Wisal) with mercy to them (Muslims) and to keep them healthy. And what is hated as regards excessive practices of worshipping.
1961. Narrated Anas: The Prophet, peace be upon him, said, “Do not practise Al-Wisal [fasting continuously without breaking one’s Saum (fast) in the evening or eating before the following dawn] .” The people said to the Prophet, peace be upon him, “But you practise Al-Wisal?” The Prophet replied, “I am not like any of you, for I am given food and drink (by Allah) during the night.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari – Volume 3 – Book 30 – P.115
1963. Narrated Abu Sa’id that he had heard the Prophet, peace be upon him, saying, “Do not Saum (fast) continuously (i.e. do not practise Al-Wisal), and if you intend to lengthen your Saum (fasting period), then carry it on only till the Sahar (before the following dawn).” The people said to him, “But you practise (Al-Wisal), O Allah’s Messenger!” He replied, “I am not similar to you, for during night I have One Who makes me eat and drink.”
1964. Narrated ‘Aishah: Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, forbade Al-Wisal with mercy to them. They said to him, “But you practise Al-Wisal?” He, peace be upon him, said, “I am not similar to you, for my Lord gives me food and drink.” Abdullãh said that Uthman did not mention: “Mercy to them (towards the companions).”
Sahih Al-Bukhari – Volume 3 – Book 30 – P.117
(51) CHAPTER. If someone forces his Muslim brother to break his (Nawafll) fast,by giving him an oath, the person observing Saum (fast) has not to observe Saum (fast) in lieu of it if the giving up of the Saum was better for him.
1968. Narrated Abü Juhaifa : The Prophet, peace be upon him, made a bond of brotherhood between Salman and Abu Ad-Dardã.’ Salman paid a visit to Abu Ad-Darda’ and found Umm Ad-Darda’ dressed in shabby clothes and asked her why she was in that state. She replied,
“Your brother Abü Ad-Dardã’ is not interested in (the luxuries of) this world.” In the meantime Abu Ad-Darda’ came and prepared a meal for Salman. Salman requested Abu Ad-Darda’ to eat (with him), but Abu Ad-Darda said, “I am observing Saum (fast) .” Salman said, “I am not going to eat unless you eat.” So, Abü Ad- Darda’ ate (with Salman). When it was night and (a part of the night passed), Abu Ad- Darda got up (to offer the night prayer), but Salman told him to sleep and Abu Ad-Dardã’ slept. After sometime Abu Ad-Dardã’ again got up but Salman told him to sleep. When it was the last hours of the night, Salman told him to get up then, and both of them offered the Salat (prayer). Salman told Abu Ad- Darda’, “Your Lord has a right on you, your ownself has a right on you, and your family has a right on you; so you should give the rights of all those who has a right on you.” Abu Ad-Darda’ came to the Prophet, peace be upon him, and narrated the whole story. The Prophet said, “Salman has spoken the truth.”
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(52) CHAPTER. Saum (fasting) in the month of Sha’bãn.
1969. Narrated ‘Aishah: Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, used to observe Saum (fast) till one would say that he would never stop observing Saum (fast), and he would abandon Saum (fast) till one would say that he would never observe Saum (fast). I never saw Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, observing Saum (fast) for a whole month except the month of Ramadan, and did not see him fasting in any month more than in the month of Sha’ban.
Sahih Al-Bukhari – Volume 3 – Book 30 – P.119
(53) CHAPTER. What is said about the fasting and non-fasting (periods) of the Prophet, peace be upon him.
1973. Narrated Humaid: I asked Anas about the Saum (fasting) of the Prophet, peace be upon him. He said, “Whenever I liked to see the Prophet, peace be upon him, observing Saum (fast) in any month, I could see that, and whenever I liked to see him not observing Saum (fast), I could see that too, and if I liked to see him offering Salat (prayer) in any night, I could see that, and if I liked to see him sleeping, I could see that, too.” Anas further said, “I never touched silk or velvet softer than the hand of Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, and never smelled musk or perfume more pleasant than the smell of Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him.”
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(54) CHAPTER. The right of the guest in fasting.
1974. Narrated ‘Abdullãh bin ‘Amr bin Al- As: “Once Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, came to me,” and then he narrated the whole narration, i.e., your guest has a right on you, and your wife has a right on you. I then asked about the Saum (fasting) of Dãwüd (David), peace be upon him.The Prophet, peace be upon him, replied, “Half of the year,” [i.e., he used to observe Saum (fast) on every alternate day].
(55) CHAPTER. The right of the body in observing As-Saum (the fast).
1975. Narrated ‘Abdullãh bin ‘Amr bin Al-‘As: Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, said to me, “O ‘Abdullãh! Have I not been informed that you observe Saum (fast) during the day and offer Salat (prayer) all the night.” ‘Abdullãh replied, “Yes, O Allah’s Messenger!” The Prophet, peace be upon him,said, “Don’t do that; observe Saum (fast) for few days and then give it up for few days, offer Salat (prayer) and also sleep at night, as your body has a right on you, and your wife has a right on you, and your guest has a right on you. And it is sufficient for you to observe Saum (fast) three days in a month, as the reward of a good deed is multiplied ten times, so it will be like fasting throughout the year.” I insisted (on fasting) and so I was given a hard instruction. I said, “O Allah’sMessenger! I have strength.” The Prophet, peace be upon him, said, “Observe Saum (fast) like the fasting of the Prophet Dãwüd (David), peace be upon him, and do not observe fast more than that.” I asked “How was the fasting of the Prophet of Allah, David,peace be upon him?” He said, “Half of the year,” (i.e., he used to observe fast on every alternate day). Afterwards when ‘Abdullãh became old, he used to say, “It would have been better for me if I had accepted the permission of the Prophet, peace be upon him [which he gave me i.e., to observe Saum (fast) only three days a month] .”
Sahih Al-Bukhari – Volume 3 – Book 30 – P.122
(57) CHAPTER. The right of the family (wife) in observing As-Saum (the fast). This is narrated by Abu Juhaifa from the Prophet, peace be upon him.
1977. Narrated ‘Abdullãh bin ‘Amr: The news of my observing Saum (fasting) daily and offering Salãt (prayer) every night throughout the night reached the Prophet, peace be upon him. So he sent for me, or I met him, and he, peace be upon him, said, “I have been informed that you observe Saum (fast) every day and offer Salat (prayer) every night (all the night). Observe Saum (fast) (for some days) and give it up (for some days), offer Salat (prayer) and sleep for your eyes have a right on you, and your body and your family (your wife) have a right on you.” I replied, “I have more strength than that (for fasting).” TheProphet ; said, “Then observe Saum (fast) like the Saum (fast) of (the Prophet) Dãwud (David), peace be upon him. I said, “How?” He replied, “He used to observe Saum (fast) on alternate days, and he used not to flee on meeting the enemy.” I said, “From where can I get that chance, O Allah’s Prophet?” [‘Ata said, “I do not know how the expression of ‘observe Saum (fast) daily throughout the life’ occured.”] So, the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, twice, “Whoever observe Saum (fast) daily throughout his life is just as the one who does not observe Saum (fast) at all.”