In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
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SOURCES: 
Sahih Al-Bukhari – Volume 3 – Book 30 – P.79
(2) CHAPTER. The superiority of As-Saum (the fasting).
1894. Narrated Abu Hurairah: Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, said, “Saum (fasting) is a shield (or a screen or a shelter from the Hell-fire). So, the person observing Saum (fast) should avoid sexual relation with his wife and should not behave foolishly and impudently, and if somebody fights with him or abuses him, he should say to him twice, ‘I am observing Saum (fast).” The Prophet, peace be upon him, added, “By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, the smell coming out from the mouth of a person observing Saum (fast) is better with Allah than the smell of musk. (Allah says about the fasting person), ‘He has left his food, drink ad sexual desires for My sake. The Saum (fast) is for Me. So I will reward (the fasting person) for it and the reward of good deeds is multiplied ten times.’”
Sahih Al-Bukhari – Volume 3 – Book 30 – P.81
1897. Narrated Abu Hurairah: Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, said, “Whoever gives two kinds (of things or property) in charity for Allah’s Cause, will be called from the gates of Paradise and will be addressed, ‘O slaves of Allah! Here is prosperity.’ So, whoever was amongst the people who used to offer their Salat (prayers), will be called from the gate of the Salat; and whoever was amongst the people who used to participate in Jihad, will be called from the gate of Jihad; and whoever was amongst those who used to observe fasts, will be called from the gate of Ar-Raiyan; whoever was amongst those who used to give As-Sadaqa (charity), will be called from the gate of As-Sadaqa.” Abu Bakr said, “Let my parents be sacrificed for you, O Allah’s Messenger! No distress or need will befall him who will be called from those gates. Will there be any one who will be called from all these gates?” The Prophet, peace be upon him, replied, “Yes, and I hope you will be one of them.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 1, Book 6, P.221
(24) CHAPTER. If a woman gets menses thrice a month.
Can we believe a woman if she says she is menstruating or pregnant, and whatever is related to menses as is referred to by the Statement of Allah: “…And it is not lawful for them to conceal what Allah has created in their wombs…” (Quran 2 : 228). ‘Ali and Shuraih said, “If a woman presents witness from her relatives who are good Muslims that she is getting menses thrice a month then she is to be believed.” ‘Ata said, “Her previous menstrual cycles are to be taken into consideration.” The same was said by Ibrahim. ‘Ata said, “Menses can last from one to fifteen days.” Ibn Sirin was asked about a woman who noticed blood five days after her menstrual cycle. He replied: The women knew better about that.
325. Narrated Aishah: Fatima bint Abi Hubaish asked the Prophet, peace be upon him, “I got persistent bleeding (in between the periods) and do not become clean. Shall I give up Salat (prayers)?” He replied, “No, it is from a blood vessel. Give up the Salat only for the days on which you usually get the menses and then take a bath and offer your prayers.”
January 8, 2019
Sahih Muslim, Vol. 1, Book II, Chapter CLXXII, P.235
(857) Anas reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, one day led us in the prayer, and when he completed the prayer he turned his face towards us and said: O people, I am your Imam, so do not precede me in bowing and prostration and in standing and turning (faces, i.e. in pronouncing salutation), for I see you in front of me and behind me, and then said: By him in Whose hand is the life of Muhammad, if you could see what I see, you would have laughed little and wept much more. They said: What did you see, Messenger of Allah? He replied: (I saw) Paradise and Hell.
December 24, 2018
Sahih Al-Bukhari – Volume 1 – Book 4 – P.140
(11) CHAPTER. While urinating or defecating, never face the Qiblah except when you are screened by a building or a wall or something like that.
144. Narrated Abu Ayyub Al-Ansãri : Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, said, “If anyone of you goes to an open space for answering the call of nature he should neither face nor turn his back towards the Qiblah; he should either face the east or the west.”
December 21, 2018
Sahih Bukhari – Volume 1 – Book 4 – P.139
(9) CHAPTER. What to say while going to the lavatory (water closet).
142. Narrated Anas : Whenever the Prophet, peace be upon him, went to answer the call of nature, he used to say, “Allãh-umma inni a ‘üdhu bika minal khubuthi wal khãba’ ith [i.e., 0 Allah, I seek refuge with You from devils- males and females (or all offensive and wicked things, evil deeds etc.)].”
December 13, 2018
Sahih Bukhari – Volume 1 – Book 6 – P.218
(19) CHAPTER. The beginning and the ending of menstrual periods.
Some women used to send the pads of cotton with traces of yellowish discharge to ‘Aishah (for her verdict to know wheather they had become clean from menses or not). And ‘Aishah would say, “Do not hurry till you see the cotton pad is white (meaning the perfect disappearence of menses).” The daughter of Zaid bin Thabit was told that some woman used to ask for candles at midnight to see whether the menses had stopped or not. On that the daughter of Zaid said that the ladies (the wives of the Prophet companions) had never done so, and she blamed them (the former women).
December 8, 2018
320. Narrated ‘Aishah : Fatima bint Abi Hubaish used to have bleeding in between the periods, so he asked the Prophet , peace be upon him, about it. He replied, “The bleeding is from a blood vessel and not the menses. So give up As-Salat (the prayers) when the (real) menses begin and when it has finished, take a bath and start offering prayers.”
Sahih Bukhari – Volume 1 – Book 6 – P.217
(17) CHAPTER. “(A little lump of flesh) some formed and some unformed.” (Quran 22:5)
318. Narrated Anas bin Malik : The Prophet, peace be upon him, said, “At every womb Allah appoints an angel who says, O Lord! A drop of semen, O Lord! A clot. O Lord! A little lump of flesh.’
Then if Allah wishes (to complete) its creation, the angel asks,(O Lord!) : (A) Will it be a male or female, (B) a wretched or a blessed, (C) and how much will his provision be? (D) And what will his age be?’ So all that [A,B,C,D] is written while the child is still in the mother’s womb.”
November 26, 2018
Sahih Bukhari – Volume 1 – Book 6 – P.208
(3) CHAPTER. To recite the Qur’an while lying in the lap of one’s own menstruating wife.
Abu Wa’il used to send his menstruating maid servant to bring the Qur’an from Abi Razin by carrying it from the hanger (of its cage).
297: Narrated ‘Aishah : The Prophet, peace be upon him, used to lean on my lap during my menses and then would recite the Qur’an.
October 31, 2018
Sahih Muslim, Vol. 1, Book II, Chapter CLXXII, P.235
(857) Anas reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, one day led us in the prayer, and when he completed the prayer he turned his face towards us and said: O people, I am your Imam, so do not precede me in bowing and prostration and in standing and turning (faces, i.e. in pronouncing salutation), for I see you in front of me and behind me, and then said: By him in Whose hand is the life of Muhammad, if you could see what I see, you would have laughed little and wept much more. They said: What did you see, Messenger of Allah? He replied: (I saw) Paradise and Hell.
October 28, 2018
Sahih Muslim, Vol. 1, Book II, Chapter CLXVI, P.225
(813) Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: When anyone amongst you utters Ameen in prayer and the angels in the sky also utter Ameen, and this (utterance of the one) synchronizes with (that of) the other, all his previous sins are pardoned.
October 26, 2018
Sahih Muslim, Vol. 1, Book II, Chapter CLXVI, P.225
(809) Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: When the Imam says: “Allah listens to him who praises Him.” You should say: “O Allah, Our Lord, for Thee is the praise.” For it what anyone says synchronizes with what the angels say, his past sins will be forgiven.
October 24, 2018
Sahih Bukhari – Volume 1 – Book 6 – P.207
296: Narrated ‘Urwa: A person asked me, “Can a woman in menses serve me? And can a Junub woman come close to me?” I replied, “All this is easy for me. All of them can serve me, and there is no harm for any other person to do the same. ‘Aishah told me that she used to comb the hair of Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, while she was in her menses, and he was in I’tikaf – 1 (in the mosque). He would bring his head near her room and she would comb his hair, while she used to be in her menses.”
October 23, 2018
Sahih Bukhari – Volume 1 – Book 6 – P.206
(294) Narrated Al-Qasim: ‘Aishah said, “We set out with the sole intention of performing Hajj and when we reached Sarif, (a place 11 k.m. from Makkah) I got my menses. Allah’s messenger, peace be upon him, came to me while I was weeping. He said, “What is the matter with you? Have you got your menses?” I replied, “Yes.” He said, “This is a thing which Allah has ordained for the daughters of Adam. So do what all the pilgrims do with the exception of Tawaf (circumam-bulation) round the Ka’bah.” ‘Aishah added, “Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, sacrificed cows on behalf of his wives.”
October 20, 2018
Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol. 1, Book 6, P.206
The Book of Menses
And the Statement of Allah Subhanahu Ta’la: “And they ask you about menstruation. Say, “It is harm, so keep away from wives during menstruation. And do not approach them until they are pure. And when they have purified themselves, then come to them from where Allah has ordained for you. Indeed, Allah loves those who are constantly repentant and loves those who purify themselves.” (Quran 2:222)
And the statement of the Prophet, peace be upon him, “This is a thing which Allah has ordained for the daughters of Adam.” Some people said that the menses first came for Bani Israel. But what the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, is more comprehensive (the truth).
October 18, 2018
Sahih Muslim – Vol.1 – Book IV – Chapter CLXIV – P.221
(800) Hattan b Abdullah al-Raqashi reported: I observed prayer with Abu Musa al-Ash’ari and when he was in the qa’dah, one among the people said: The prayer has been made obligatory along with piety and Zakat. He (the narrator) said: When Abu Musa had finished the prayer after salutation he turned (towards the people) and said: Who amongst you said such and such a thing? A hush fell on the people. He again said: Who amongst you said such and such a thing? A hush fell on the people. He (Abu Musa) said: Hattan, it is perhaps you that have uttered it. He (Hattan) said: No, I have not uttered it. I was afraid that you might be annoyed with me on account of this.
A person amongst the people said: It was I who said it, and in this I intended nothing but good. Abu Musa said: Don’t you know what you have to recite in your prayers? Verily the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, addressed us and explained to us all its aspects and taught us how to observe prayer (properly). He (the Holy Prophet) said: When you pray make your rows straight and let anyone amongst you act as your Imam. Recite the takbir when he recites it and when he recites: Not of those with whom Thou art angry, nor of those who go astray, say: Ameen.
Allah would respond you. And when he (the Imam) recites the takbir, you may also recite the takbir, for the Imam bows before you and raises himself before you. Then the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: The one is equivalent to the other. And when he says: Allah listens to him who praises Him, you should said: O Allah, our Lord, to Thee be the praise, for Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, has vouchsafed (us) through the tongue of His Apostle, peace be upon him, that Allah listens to him who praises Him. And when he (the Imam) recites the takbir and prostrates, you should also recite the takbir and prostrate, for the Imam prostrates before you and raises himself before you. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: The one is equivalent to the other. And when he (the Imam) sits for Qa’da (for tashahhud) the first words of every one amongst you should be: All services rendered by words, acts of worship and all good things are due to Allah. Peace be upon you, O Apostle, and Allah’s mercy and blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the upright servants of Allah. I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger.
October 16, 2018
Sahih Muslim – Vol.1 – Book IV – Chapter CLXIII – P.220
(792) Wa’il b Hujr reported: He saw the Apostle of Allah, peace be upon him, raising his hands at the time of beginning the prayer and reciting takbir, and according to Hammam (the narrator), the hands were lifted opposite to ears. He (the Holy Prophet) then wrapped his hands in his cloth and placed his right hand over his left hand. And when he was about to bow down, he brought out his hands from the cloth, and then lifted them, and then recited takbir and bowed down and when (he came back to the erect position) he recited: “Allah listened to him who praised Him.” And when prostrated, he prostrated between the two palms.
October 15, 2018
Sahih Muslim – Vol.1 – Book IV – Chapter CLXIV – P.221
(793) Abdullah (b Mas’ud) said: While observing prayer behind the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, we used to recite: Peace be upon Allah, peace be upon so and so. One day the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to us: Verily Allah is Himself Peace. When any one of you sits during the prayer, he should say: All services rendered by words, by acts of worship, and all good things are due to Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and Allah’s mercy and blessings. Peace be upon us and upon Allah’s upright servants, for when he said this, it reached very upright servant in heaven and earth (and say further): I testify that there is no god but Allah and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. Then he may choose any supplication which pleases him and offer it.
October 12, 2018
Sahih Muslim – Vol.1 – Book IV – Chapter CLXI – P.219
(788) Abda reported: Umar b al-Khattab used to recite loudly these words: Subhanak Allahumma wa bi hamdika wa tabarakasmuka wa ta’ala jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuka [Glory to Thee, O Allah, and Thine is the Praise, and Blessed is Thy Name, and Exalted is Thy Majesty, and there is no other object of worship beside Thee]. Qatada informed in writing that Anas b Malik had narrated to him: I observed prayer behind the Apostle of Allah, peace be upon him, and Abu Bakr and Umar and Uthman. They started (loud recitation) with: Alhumdulilahi Rabb al-Alamin [All Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds] and did not recite Bismillah ir-Rahman-ir-Rahim (loudly) at the beginning of the recitation or at the end of it.
October 11, 2018
Sahih Muslim – Vol.1 – Book IV – Chapter CLVIII – P.218
(781) Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, entered the masjid and a person also entered therein and offered prayer, and then came and paid salutation to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, returned his salutation and said: Go back and pray, for you have not offered the prayer. He again prayed as he had prayed before, and came to the Apostle of Allah, peace be upon him, and saluted him. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, returned his salutation and said: Go back and pray, for you have not offered the prayer. This (act of repeating the prayer) was done three times. Upon this the person said: By Him Who has sent you with Truth, whatever better I can do than this, please teach me. He (the Holy Prophet) said: When you get up to pray, recite takbir, and then recite whatever you conveniently can from the Quran, then bow down and remain quietly in that position, then raise yourself and stand erect; then prostrate yourself and remain quietly in that attitude; then raise yourself and sit quietly; and do that throughout all your prayers.1
1Prayer is the highest act of devotion to Allah. It should, therefore, be performed not in haste but with perfect tranquility of mind.
October 10, 2018
Sahih Muslim – Vol.1 – Book IV – Chapter CLV – P.210
(748) ‘Abdullah b. Amr b. al-As reported Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, as saying: When the Mu’adhdhin (the one who call the Adhan) says: Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, and one of you should make this response: Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest; and (when the Mu’adhdhin) says: I testify that there is no God but Allah, one should respond: I testify that there is no God but Allah. And when he says: I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, one should make a response: I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. When he says: Come to prayer, one should make a response: There is no might and no power except with Allah. When he says: Come to salvation, one should response: There is no might and no power except with Allah.and when he (the Mu’adhdhin) says: Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, then make a response: Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest. When he says: There is no god but Allah, and he who makes a response from the heart: There is no god but Allah, he will enter Paradise.
October 9, 2018
Sahih Muslim – Book IV – Chapter CLI – P.207
The Beginning of Adhan
(735) Ibn Umar reported: When the Muslims came to Medina, they gathered and sought to know the time of prayer but no one summoned them. One day they discussed the matter, and some of them said: Use something like the bell of the Christians and some of them said: Use horn like that of the Jews. Umar said, “Why may not a man be appointed who should call (people) to prayer?” The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “O Bilal, get up and summon (the people) to prayer. **
**The full account of Adhan, as it was introduced in Islam, is given in so many traditions. The proposals mentioned above were brought before the Holy Prophet, but he did not feel drawn at all towards these customs and practices of calling people to prayer, as he considered them inappropriate for such a sacred purpose. He felt that human voice could better communicate the inspiration and emotion which should be dedicated to the solemnity of the occasion. It is narrated that when this problem was being discussed, one day ‘Abdullah B Zayd came to the Holy Prophet and told him: I saw last night a visitant in a dream who had a clapper in his hand and I asked him to sell that to me. When he questioned what I wanted to do with that, I replied that it was to summon people for prayer, whereupon he said: Should I not show you a better way than this? I replied in the affirmative. Upon this he informed me about the words of Adhan. The Holy Prophet said: Your vision, by the Grace of Allah, is true. Go to Bilal and communicate it to him so that he should call people to prayer accordingly. When Umar heard this in his house, he came there dragging his waist-wrapper on the ground and said: By Him, Who has sent you with truth. I have seen precisely the same vision as has been shown to ‘Abdullah B Zayd. The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: God be praised for that (Abu Dawud, “Kitab al-Salat”, Bab Bada al-Adhan)
Iqama is a sort of Adhan which is uttered in a comparatively lower tons than Adhan just at the time of beginning the actual prayer.
Source: 
October 8, 2018
(2) Chapter. (p.46)
2. Narrated ‘Aishah’, the mother of the faithful believers: Al-Harith bin Hisham asked Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, “O Allah’s Messenger! How is the Divine Revelation revealed to you?” Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, replied, “Sometimes it is (revealed) like the ringing of a bell, this form of Revelation is the hardest of all and then this state passes off after I have grasped what is revealed. Sometimes the angel comes in the form of a man and talks to me and I grasp whatever he says.” Aishah added: Verily I saw the Prophet, peace be upon him, being inspired (Divinely) and (noticed) the sweat dropping from his forehead on a very cold day as the Revelation was over.
October 7, 2018
(1) Chapter. (p.45)
And the Statement of Allah: “Verily, We have sent the revelation to you (O Muhammad, peace be upon him) as We sent the revelation to Noah and the Prophets after him.”
1. Narrated ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab: I heard Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, saying, “The reward of deeds depends upon the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended. So whoever emigrates for worldly benefits or for a woman to marry, his emigration will be for what he emigrated for.”
Note: The Prophet, peace be upon him, said this on the occasion of someone’s emigration from Makkah to Al-Madina not for the sake of Islamic Cause but to marry a woman who had stipulated that he should emigrate if he wanted to marry her. Anyhow, this Hadith implies a general principle, i.e. one is rewarded for his deeds according to his real intentions and not according to his actual deeds which might be good in themselves but were motivated by an ill intention.
October 6, 2018
Hadith source
